Development, Feeding Capacity, and Reproductive of Coccinella undecimpunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on Two Aphid Species Under Laboratory Conditions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.57.1.18Keywords:
Coccinella undecimpunctata, prey, reproduction, feeding capacityAbstract
Objectives: The coccinellids Coccinella undecimpunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is one native predator in Iraq as well as very important biological control agents against aphids for many crops. The main goal was to evaluate the biological traits and feeding ability of C. undecimpunctata. It aims to understand how this predator controls Aphis craccivora Koch and Hyalopterus pruni Geoffroy, populations naturally.
Method: The suitability of two prey species, A. craccivora and H. pruni,, for the predator C. undecimpunctata was tested in the lab at 22 ± 2 ºC and 65 ± 5% humidity. C. undecimpunctata were fed on two prey: A. craccivora and H. pruni. The study examined life cycle and feeding capacity of C. undecimpunctata larvae and adult on A. craccivora and H. pruni. Twenty replicates were raised with different prey types, and daily prey eggs were offered.
Results :The results indicated that the type of prey had a substantial impact on the development and predation rates of C. undecimpunctata larvae. The total development time for immature stages was 23.01 ± 1.07 days on A. craccivora and 28.75 ± 1.20 days on H. pruni. Notably, C. undecimpunctata larvae consumed significantly more H. pruni (an average of 271.02 individuals) compared to A. craccivora (185.85 individuals). Mortality rates were lower, at 7.07%, when fed A. craccivora, whereas feeding on H. pruni resulted in a higher mortality of 14.2%. Adult female beetles exhibited a preference for H. pruni, consuming approximately 4012.4 compared to 2693.8 A. craccivora. Furthermore, females that were fed A. craccivora laid a maximum of 407 eggs, which is the highest number observed. Both male and female beetles demonstrated a longer lifespan when fed H. pruni compared to A. craccivora. These findings imply that C. undecimpunctata could play a significant role in pest management, particularly for broad beans and stone fruit crops.
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